This week in Chinese history…

June 4, 2008 came and went, an anniversary passing quietly here in Beijing under cover of national unity, official proscription, and general apathy.  Societies progress and develop not when they build a taller building or reach a set ratio of people:cars or families:television sets but when thought and thinking move forward spurred on by reflection, debate, learning, and understanding.  American society is littered with the detritus of history–slavery, colonialism, oppression, environmental degradation–but none of these problems would have been made better if we as a society had been systematically prevented from exploring, criticizing, and learning from our past.  Fifty years ago it was almost impossible for African-Americans to vote in some parts of the United States, now an African-American man is a candidate for the highest office in the land.  We still have a long way to go, but the way we–as human beings–move forward is to keep talking. Keep debating. Keep challenging old ideas and conventional thinking that tries to tell us, “That’s the way it was, this is the way it is.” 

On to the links:

Ma Jian has a thoughtful piece this week in the NYT that has the temerity to link the June 4 anniversary with the recent

One from the Archives: The gaokao, exams, and social mobility in Chinese history

The semester is over grades are in and research marches ahead, but I’ve been incredibly neglectful of my little hobby, so I’m taking the easy road today.  This is one from the archives, first posted on June 6, 2007: 

Today is the Gaokao (高考) when parents across China send their senior high school students off to take the most important exam of their lives by offering such helpful, encouraging words as, “If you do badly, your mother will die in a pauper’s grave.” Clearly in today’s China-A-Go-Go, competition for elite, urban jobs is intense. You don’t want to be left behind in a rapidly stratifying society, and since every family only has one shot at exam success, let’s just say there are a few stressed-out teenagers and parents around town this morning.

Sam has a great post over at The Useless Tree about how “Confucian” this sort of exam culture really is and it got me thinking about exams and social mobility in Chinese history. As hard as the gaokao is, it’s nothing compared to the ordeal of the imperial civil service examination. For three days exam candidates were locked in a cell and forced to write formulaic essays that required instant

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